China brought a lunar surface-filled pellet from the far side of the moon to Earth on Tuesday, reaching an original goal in a progressive agenda to explore different parts of the moon and solar system.
The sample, retrieved by China National Lunar Management’s Chang’e-6 lander after a 53-day project, highlights China’s growing capabilities in lunar length and marks another victory in the form of lunar missions that began in 2007 and have continued to date. achieves. Executed virtually flawlessly.
“Chang’e-6 is the first mission in human history to return samples from the far side of the Moon,” Long Xiao, a planetary geologist at the China College of Geosciences, wrote in an email. “This is a major event for scientists around the world,” he said, and “a cause for celebration for all of humanity.”
Such sentiments and the possibilities of exchanging world lunar patterns highlight the hope that China’s robotic missions to the Moon and Mars will hand over the medical work that comes out of the Sun equipment. These prospects are compared with attitudes in Washington and elsewhere that Tuesday’s success is a fundamental milestone in the long haul of the twenty-first century with geopolitical aspects.
In February, a privately operated American spacecraft landed on the Moon. NASA is running the Artemis mission to return American citizens to the lunar surface, although its follow-up project, flying astronauts around the Moon, has not happened on time due to technical problems.
China is also considering expanding its presence on the Moon in future years, landing more robots there and eventually landing human astronauts.
Development towards that objective, it has done in a gradual and steady manner, took a long time to come out of implementing a robotic lunar exploration program. Named after the Chinese moon goddess Chang’e (pronounced “Chong-uh”), the system’s first two missions orbited the Moon to photograph and map its surface. This was followed by Chang’e-3, which landed on the near side of the Moon in 2013 and deployed a rover, Yutu-1. This was followed in 2019 by Chang’e-4, which became the first spacecraft to explore the far side of the Moon and placed the Yutu-2 rover on the surface.
An era later, it landed Chang’e-5, sending about 4 kg of nearby lunar regolith to Earth. This success made China the third country after the United States and the Soviet Union to achieve the complex orbital choreography of collecting a sample from the Moon.
According to Yuki Qian, a lunar geologist at the University of Hong Kong, both Chang’e-5 and Chang’e-6 are test runs for China’s previous manned missions to the Moon, similar to the Apollo missions. In the nineteen sixties and seventies, people wanted to land and set up on the lunar surface.
A generation from working toward landing astronauts on the Moon, China’s long-term technology is yielding medical benefits for operating sun equipment.
The Chang’e-5 model was much younger than the lunar subjects collected by American citizens or the Soviet Union in the 1960s and 70s. It is basically composed of basalt, or cooled lava from historical volcanic eruptions.
Two Chinese-led analysis groups concluded that the basalts have been eroded for about two billion years, which suggests that volcanic activity on the Moon predates the life bodies obtained from the US Apollo and Soviet Luna samples by at least a thousand million years. Had happened.
Alternative research of the material rejected theories of how the Moon’s interior became hot enough to generate volcanic eruptions. A research team found that the amount of radioactive elements inside the moon, which can decay and produce heat, was not enough to cause an explosion. Every other final result ruled out H2O within the mantle as a possible source of the internal melting that culminated in volcanism.
Chang’e-6 launched on May 3 with even bigger medical ambitions: retrieving lunar material. The moon’s nearest aspect is dominated by vast, cloudy plains where ancient lava once flowed. However, the number of grounds along the way is less. It also has additional craters and thick crust.
And since that part never faces Earth, it is impossible to be in direct contact with landers on the Moon, making it difficult to reach effectively. The Chinese company has so far relied on two moon-orbiting satellites, Qiqiao and Qiqiao-2, to keep in touch with Chang’e-6 during its mission.
The spacecraft followed the same procedure as Chang’e-5 to reach the Moon and then return to Earth.
Then after a few weeks in lunar orbit, Chang’e-6 landed on a website at the edge of the South Pole-Aitken Basin, the oldest, inner most impressive crater on the Moon. With a mechanical scoop and a drill, the lander spent two days collecting lunar rock and dirt from its installation and the Moon’s subsurface.
After this he hid the cloth away. Enterprise deployed a mini rover that photographed the lander with a small Chinese-language flag. Subsequently, on June 3, a rocket flown the pattern canister again into lunar orbit. On June 6, these probes were reunited with a spacecraft that remained in orbit and was ready to begin moving back to Earth.
On Tuesday, the Pattern container re-entered Earth’s orbit after landing by parachute outside the Siziwang Banner Branch in Inner Mongolia, where farm workers worked to recover it.
As scientists rush to take ownership of remote landscapes, they will evaluate the composition of the newly recovered basalt with basalts obtained from the near side of the moon. This could help them figure out how the Moon’s volcanic activity has caused both halves of it to adapt otherwise.
Enterprise workforces are discovering subject matter from command areas, away from their fresh websites, through the impacts of comets and asteroids. Dr. Qian said that if very strong, those collisions could have resulted in the excavation of material from the Moon’s lower layers and its upper mantle. This may provide insight into the Moon’s interior structure and composition.
Molten rock from those impacts may also provide clues about the week and shape of the South Pole-Aitken Basin, which scientists believe was created by a shower of asteroids and comets that bombarded the inner Sun system.
This era “completely changed the geological history of the Moon,” Dr. Qian said, and was also “a critical time for Earth’s evolution.”
Clive Neal, a planetary geologist at the College of Notre Dame, called the goals impressive, although he is waiting for discoveries that could imply a return to the pattern. As for China’s lunar luck streak so far, “It’s excellent,” he said. “More power to them.”
On the other hand, tense political family members will make it difficult for American scientists to collaborate with Chinese-language researchers to locate far-flung samples.
The Wolf Amendment, enacted in 2011, prohibits NASA from using the federal budget for bilateral cooperation with the Chinese government. Federal officials recently granted a waiver to the Length company, allowing NASA-funded researchers to apply to gain access to near-side samples obtained via Chang’e-5. However, any other bill passed by the US House of Representatives in June would prevent universities with research relationships with Chinese language institutions from receiving investments from the US Department of Defense.
For some time now, China has believed that I am waiting at the south pole of the Moon, where Chang’e-7 and 8 will explore the surroundings and look for H2O and alternative resources. It hopes to send a crewed mission to the Moon by 2030. Ultimately, China plans to build a global base at the South Pole.
NASA’s Artemis mission is also taking pictures of the moon’s south pole. Bill Nelson, administrator of Lenth Company, has referred to the parallel technologies as a race between the United States and China.
Many scientists abandon that framing. Dr Neal said the sources traced the dip to the Moon after American astronauts defeated the Soviet Union on the Moon’s surface in 1969. “I don’t like international space races because they’re not sustainable,” he said. “A race has to be won. Once you win this, then what?”
He added, “I think it’s important to look at space as something that can bring us together, not drive us apart.”
Several international locations, including France and Pakistan, contributed payloads flown with the Chang’e-6 project. Chinese language researchers took this as an excellent nod to the past.
“Lunar exploration is a shared effort for all of humanity,” Dr. Xiao said. He said he hopes for greater world cooperation, “especially between major spacefaring countries like China and the United States.”
happiness dong Contributed reporting from Hong Kong.
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